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Bankruptcy prediction using Altman Z-Score model : a case of public listed manufacturing companies in Malaysia
(2015-11) Odibi, Ishioma; Basit, Abdul; Hassan, Zubair
Over the years, serious attention has been to bankruptcy prediction models and the problems associated with predicting failure in corporate firms. Corporate failure prediction has become a very vital issue in finance especially given the fact that so many researchers have given so many different types of prediction model. In addition, the multiple discriminant analysis seems to be the best model that achieves a very high result of accuracy levels. In this study, 34 public listed manufacturing companies in Malaysia where used from 2010-2014. Companies were chosen from companies listed under the PN17 companies while healthy companies where matched using paired sample t-test using random stratified sampling method. Initially, the main aim or objective of this study was to examine the reliability and relationship of Altman’Z-score model to corporate failure and to investigate if all failing companies where listed under the PN-17 on the Kuala Lumpur stock exchange (KLSE) now popularly known as Bursa Malaysia. Findings showed that not all failed companies where listed under PN17 companies in bursa Malaysia. While all but one of the companies under the PN17 companies where in the safe zone in the fifth year. The Study findings showed four out of five financial ratios where significantly related in the prediction of corporate failure under the Z-score model. Also the regression analysis showed that the model is a great fit with significance of 0.000 and accuracy levels of 86% and 99.6%.
Cultivating entrepreneurial culture among students in Malaysia
(Cracow University of Economics, 2021-01) Hassan, Zubair; Lashari, Muneeb; Basit, Abdul
Objective: The objective of the article is to examine the factors influencing the cultivation of entrepreneurship culture among private higher education institutions in Malaysia. Research Design & Methods: A sample of 300 students from private higher education institutions in Cyberjaya, Malaysia, was selected using a convenient sampling technique. The data were analysed using structural equation modeling via AMOS, 22.0. Findings: The result of the study indicates that empowerment is the only factor that has a positive and significant effect on cultivating entrepreneurial culture. We found that all other factors have no significant effect on cultivating entrepreneurial culture in the studied context. Implications & Recommendations: This study will enable education institutions to foster the entrepreneurial spirit among their students by focusing on empowering the students to carry out their tasks. This study recommends empowering students in their learning to promote entrepreneurial culture through the curriculum, assessment designs, and industrial engagement. Contribution & Value Added: This study contributes to the existing literature on promoting entrepreneurial culture among students by establishing the key determinants of entrepreneurial culture through risk-taking behaviour, innovation, creativity, and empowerment. One of the unique aspects of this research is that these four factors are studied together and tested based on what academic institutions in Malaysia do to cultivate entrepreneurial culture among the students.
Does learning style impact student academic performance?
(2017) Ling, Ang Siew; Basit, Abdul; Hassan, Zubair
This research is to examine the impact of learning styles on student academic performance in private college of Malaysia. The framework developed for this study includes Visual Learning, Verbal Learning, Active Learning and Sequential Learning in the cluster of independent variables while Academic Performance falls in the dependent variable. This is an explanatory quantitative research engaging a sample of 200 MBA students was selected from a private college in Malaysia. Descriptive and Regression analysis were engaged to identify the impact of the independent variable on the dependent variable. The findings of the study founds visual and sequential learning to have a significant impact on academic performance while the other two variables (Active and Verbal) learning show no significant impact on the dependent variable. Future researchers are recommended to explore different contexts through engaging same framework while other frameworks can also be developed to investigate the topic.
Ease of doing business and its impact on inward FDI
(2018-06-10) Hossain, Mohamed Tareq; Hassan, Zubair; Shafiq, Sumaiya; Basit, Abdul
This study investigates the impact of Ease of Doing Business on Inward FDI over the period from 2011 to 2015 across the globe. This study measures ease of doing business using starting a business, getting credit, registering property, paying taxes and enforcing contracts. The research used a sample of 177 countries from 190 countries listed in World Bank. Least square regression model via E-views software used to examine causal relationship. The study found that ease of doing business indicators ‘Enforcing Contracts’ was found to have a positive significant impact on Inward FDI. Nevertheless,‘Getting Credit’and ‘Registering Property’were found to have a negative significant impact on Inward FDI. However,‘Starting a Business’ and ‘Paying Taxes’ have no significant impact on Inward FDI in the studied time frame of this research. The findings of the study suggested the ease of doing business enables inward FDI through better contract enforcement, getting credit and registering property. The findings of the research will assist international managers and companies to know the importance of ease of doing business when investing in foreign countries through FDI.
Effect of cultural intelligence and learning style on leadership effectiveness : conceptual analysis
(TIJBM, 2020-06) Basit, Abdul; Sethumadavan, Sharmila; Hassan, Zubair
The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of Cultural Intelligence and Learning Style on Leadership Effectiveness among the leaders, particularly in banking sector. This study has proposed cultural intelligence and Learning Style as independent variables in this study. Leadership Effectiveness is the dependent variable. The study has reviewed various scholarly articles to examine the effect of cultural intelligence and learning style on leadership effectiveness. All the articles reviewed in this paper are empirical and conceptual papers design to collect quantitative data. Therefore, this conceptual paper intends to conduct the research among the bank leaders in Klang Valley in Malaysia. Based on the available literature it was found that cultural intelligence has a mixed result on leadership effectiveness. However, majority of the past research reported that cultural intelligence has a positive and significant effect on leadership effectiveness. From the review, it was also found that there is lack of studies examining learning style effect on leadership effectiveness particularly in Banking Sector. This study will contribute by establishing the link between cultural intelligence, learning style and leadership effectiveness simultaneously. Also, this study will be able to use by training and development of banking companies to design the training program to enhance, cultural intelligence and to adopt appropriate learning style to improve leadership effectiveness in Banking Sector, particularly in Malaysia. In this study, it was proposed to examine the effect of learning style and cultural intelligence on leadership effectiveness among the bank leaders simultaneously, while in the past cultural intelligence was conducted to examine the effect on leadership effectiveness, while there was a lack of literature on learning style and leadership effectiveness.
Enhancing innovation through learning organisation among the multinationals in Malaysia : mediating role of self efficacy
(2020-11) Sethumadavan, Sharmila K. N.; Hassan, Zubair; Basit, Abdul
The aim of this research is to examine the impact of learning organization on innovation, mediated by the self-efficacy among Multinationals in Malaysia. This study builds on the conceptual framework and further analyses the important factors of learning organization in predicting individual innovation and self-efficacy through critical evaluation of associated theoretical models, literature study and empirical testing. Due to the respondents' proximity, availability and accessibility, this study has used non-probability convenience sampling technique. Data was collected using a Likert-Scale (1-5) questionnaire from 308 who were employed at Multinationals. The reliability and validity of the item construct was tested. A structural equation modelling was carried out to analyse the data via AMOSE 22. The findings indicated that learning organization has a positive significant influence on innovation and self-efficacy. However, the result showed that self-efficacy has no significant effect on innovation. The result showed that the mediating effect of self-efficacy on the relationship between learning organization and innovation was not significant. The overall conclusion is that innovation can be cultivated and enhanced through learning organisation. The theoretical contribution of this research is that learning organisation and self-efficacy are two key determinants of innovation. Practically, this research findings can be used to design training and development programs to enhance learning organisational culture among the employees which in turn engage themselves in innovative behaviour. Managers can also use this research findings to identify and deciding to allocate resource to enhance innovation through most critical aspects of learning organisation than all aspects.
Entrepreneurial success : key challenges faced by Malaysian women entrepreneurs in 21st century
(2020) Basit, Abdul; Wong, Sze; Hassan, Zubair; Sethumadhavan, Sharmila
The purpose of this research is to investigate the challenges faced by women entrepreneurs on entrepreneurial success in Malaysia. This study proposes a conceptual framework and investigates the significant factors of family and social support, emotional intelligence, gender stereotype, and knowledge and risk-taking behavior in predicting women entrepreneurial success. Data was collected using a questionnaire with a Likert scale from 1-5 from a sample of 125 women entrepreneurs who owned Small-Medium-Enterprises (SME) in Malaysia using a convenient sampling technique. Collected data were analysed using structural equation modeling (SEM) via AMOS 22 software. The result indicated that “knowledge” have significant negative impact on women entrepreneurial success, while all the other challenges identified in the previous research such as lack of emotional intelligence, lack of family support, poor risk taking behaviour, gender stereotype were not significant in influencing women entrepreneurial success. Family and social support, and risk-taking behaviour were found contradict with other previous researches indicating that women entrepreneurs are becoming more independent due to the changing norms and cultural values. In conclusion, women entrepreneurial success largely dependent on the work experiences, relevant skills/competencies and industrial know-how they acquired and mastered to effectively manage and grow their businesses. It is recommended that women-entrepreneurs in Small Medium Enterprises(SME) shall invest in continuous learning to gain more relevant skills/competencies, knowledge, industrial know-how and experiences to sharpen their competitive advantages and sustain continuous development and growth. Therefore, it’s highly recommended that government should formulate policies to promote women entrepreneurship through effective and practical trainings. This study will be useful for women entrepreneurs to develop themselves by investing themselves to gain knowledge by participating academic programs and industrial based network conferences. Entrepreneurial development authorities or bodies will be able to use this study to develop and design human resource development intervention program to enable women entrepreneurs to be more successful. Future researchers can increase the sample size and focus on similar type of small medium enterprise owners in terms of sector or industry and size. Also the future researchers can used a mixed method in collecting data to provide a more coherent and meaningful conclusion.
Ethical behaviour of accounting students and intention to make an academic offense
(2017) Subramaniam, Ranjheta; Basit, Abdul; Hassan, Zubair
This research seeks to study the relationship between ethical behaviour of accounting students and intention to make an academic offense. A questionnaire was constructed based on ACCA model. The independent variables engaged are confidentiality, integrity, objectivity, professional behaviour and professional competence and due care to measure ethical behaviour of accounting students. Academic offense is the dependent variable used in this research. The research design for this research is explanatory research. A total of 120 questionnaires were distributed using convenient sampling to the accounting students in one of the local universities in Malaysia and the adapted sample size was 106. The survey consists of 30 questions with Likert-scale (Strongly Agree-5 and Strongly Disagree-1). The collected data was analysed using SPSS to generate correlation and regression outputs. The study found that four types of ethical behaviour such as confidentiality, objectivity, professional behaviour and professional competence and due care have a positive and significant influence on academic offense however integrity has a negative and non significant affect on academic offense. Future studies may include larger sample of accounting students by conducting research on more universities to widen the research span. At the same time, future studies may include responsibility as one of the types of ethical behaviour to portray a better picture.
Factors affecting entrepreneurship intention among the students in private sector of Malaysia
(2018) Basit, Abdul; Sing, Mayank; Hassan, Zubair
This research is aimed to investigate the factor affecting entrepreneurship intention among the students of private academic institute in Malaysia. The research has been conducted in Cyberjaya, of Malaysia. A review has been done to identify the current issue of entrepreneurship intention in Malaysia. This research borrows heavily on the review of past empirical studies and using theories and model of theory of planned behavior, to adopt the variables determinants which impact entrepreneurship intention among students. The first model is a theoretical framework which consist of four independent variables namely, encourage risk taking behavior, encourage creativity, encourage innovation, encourage empowerment. These independent variables will be used to test the dependent variable of entrepreneurship intention. Model adopted a positivism paradigm, explanatory design and survey as strategy. Convenience sampling will be used to obtain the sample size of 100 respondents from a population of 120 students from the academic institute. This is an explanatory research and data collections were through the distributions of a set of 22 questionnaires measured using the 5-point Likert scale. The respondents were asked to rate the answers from strongly disagree as 1 to strongly agree as 5. The primary data collected will be analyzed using a mixture of AMOS 22 and SPSS 22 software. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to determine the good fit of the proposed model. Correlation coefficient to determine the relationship between variables and regression analysis method to test the hypothesis. The result shows that risk-taking behavior beta value is .200 with an insignificant value of .051 which is higher than the rule of thumb. Hence risk-taking behavior is found to have a positive insignificant impact on entrepreneurial intention. Creativity beta value is .281 with a significant value of .019 which is lower than rule of thumb. Hence creativity is found significant impact on entrepreneurial intention. Innovation beta value .059 with an insignificant value of .647 which is higher than rule of thumb. Hence innovation is found insignificant impact on entrepreneurial intention. Empowerment beta value .280 with an insignificant value of .006 which is lower than rule of thumb. Hence Empowerment is found insignificant impact on entrepreneurship intention. It is essential to direct future research with top to bottom information on this point in light of the fact that Entrepreneurial Aim entrepreneurship has a vital position in the quickly changing financial situation on the planet, and entrepreneurs assume an imperative part in helping the advancement of country as they will decrease the joblessness rate.
Gamification : a tool to enhance employee engagement and performance
(2021-07) Basit, Abdul; Hassan, Zubair; Omar, Nisa; Sethumadavan, Sharmila; Jhanjhi, NZ
The purpose of this research is to examine the impact of gamification on employee engagement and work performance among employees working in IT Multinationals in Malaysia. And to examine the mediating effect of employee engagement on the relationship between gamification and employee performance. Finally, to test the moderating effect of gamification on the relationship between employee engagement and employee performance. Data was collected using a self-rating Likert-Scale questionnaire with a rating scale from 1-5, denoting 1 is strongly disagree, and 5 denotes strongly agree. A Sample of 220 employees were selected using simple random probability sampling of those employees working in IT Multinationals. Data were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and structure equation modelling under bootstrapping methods via AMOS22. The result shows that gamification does not directly affect employee performance among the IT Multinational in Malaysia. However, gamification has a significant and positive effect on employee engagement. Also, the result shows that employee engagement is a full mediator and gamification has a moderating effect on the relationship between employee engagement and performance. This study is useful for Human Resource Development intervention through effective training programs to enhance gamification to boost engagement and performance. Through effective gamification with sensitivity, creativity and implemented it within the organization can cultivate highly competitive culture among the staff, resulting in high employee performance through employee engagement. This finding shows that employee engagement is very important to realize the benefit of gamification to foster employee performance.
Impact of capital structure on firms performance : a study on Karachi stock exchange (KSE) listed firms in Pakistan
(2017-02-01) Basit, Abdul; Hassan, Zubair
The purpose of this study is to investigate Debt to Equity ratio to determine firm performance of Pakistani companies listed in Chemical, Food and Care products, Cement, Pharmaceutical, Auto assembler and Textile sector. The research done on 50 companies listed under Karachi Stock exchange covered the period of 2010-2014, total observations of 250 firms-years. The independent variable is Debt to Equity and dependent variables are Size, Earnings per Share, Return on Assets, Return on Equity and Marketing. The research employed Descriptive Statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple linear regressions and the findings shows Earnings per share, Return on Equity and Return on Assets are significantly correlated to Debt to Equity ratio. While Debt to equity ratio founds a significant impact on Size and Return on Assets. Furthermore, it is recommended that other firm specific factors can also be used with a more wider time span like Dividends, Taxes etc to gauge the impact and end with a more accurate outcome. This Study will eventually benefit the finance mangers to define an optimal capital structure and also the research community by providing new knowledge regarding the impacts of capital structure. Though, other major economies can also be examined with different other industries to check the deviation of capital structure formation.
Impact of corporate social responsibility on financial performance : a study on manufacturing companies listed in London stock exchange (LSE)-UK
(2017) Ghosh, Bikon; Basit, Abdul; Hassan, Zubair
The purpose of this study is to examine impact of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on financial performance. The research is carried out on 36 manufacturing and production companies listed in the London Stock Exchange (LSE) within the period of 2011-2015, with the total observations of 180. The subsectors considered are Aerospace and Automotive, Mining, Industrial Goods, Food, Beverage and Tobacco, Domestic Goods, Industrial Machinery and Equipment, Healthcare and Paper Products. The independent variable used in this research is Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) broken into 4 constituent: Corporate giving, Employee safety, Greenhouse gas emission reduction and waste reduction. The dependent variables used are Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE). Sampling technique used in this research is convenience sampling. The research paradigm adopted a positivist approach and quantitative data was used. This study adopts an explanatory research design, and secondary data is collected and analyzed using E-views software to generate the descriptive, and regression statistics. Furthermore, the findings in this study show that Corporate giving, Employee safety and waste reduction have no significant impact on financial performance. However, Greenhouse gas emission reduction has significant but negative impact on financial performance.
Impact of individual learning on team learning and innovation in the petroleum industry of Malaysia
(2018-06-25) Hassan, Zubair; Basit, Abdul
The aim of this research is to investigate the impact of Individual learning on Team learning and Innovation in the Petroleum Industry of Malaysia. The study will carry this research through engaging 321 employees of one petroleum company (PETRONAS) in Malaysia using convenience sampling. The independent variables are Mental Models, Personal Mastery, Dialogue and Inquiry, Continuous Learning and Empowerment to gauge the impact on the dependent variable Team learning and Innovation. This study will employ Confirmatory Factor analysis and Structural Equation Modelling using AMOS20. The results of the study indicated that Empowerment is the only attribute of individual learning that is found to be significant with team learning and Innovation as well while Dialogue & Inquiry has a positive and significant impact on team learning but not innovation while other all factors are found to be insignificant with the dependent variables in the studied context. Moreover, it is recommended to engage other relevant factors of individual learning to make the conceptual framework more addressing with a wider number of respondents to pasteurize a more generalize picture of the studied topic. Though this study will be considered a crucial piece in the discipline of organizational learning for the corporate world and as well as the research community through digging and exploiting different research dimensions about the topic.
Impact of job stress on employee performance
(2017-11-25) Murali, Sharmilee Bala; Basit, Abdul; Hassan, Zubair
Purpose of this study is to analyses the impact of job stress on employee performance. A causal research design was adopted to carry out the data collection. For this purpose employees from various sectors were chosen. A questionnaire with 26 items with Likert Scale (1: Strongly Disagree to 5: Strongly Disagree) were developed and tested for its reliability and validity prior to the distribution of questionnaire via social media. 310 respondents were selected from various sectors in Malaysia using convenient sampling technique. The survey questionnaire was sent via Facebook inbox requesting to complete it. The questionnaire includes demographic information and statements to measure four (4) independent variables of time pressure, workload, lack of motivation, and role ambiguity to measure level of stress. The dependent variable is employee performance. Only 136 completed questionnaires were returned (usable sample). Regression analysis was carried out to examine the impact of stress on employee performance using SPSS21. We found that time pressure and role ambiguity have significant and negative influence on employee performance. The other two factors of workload and lack of motivation do not have any significant influence on employee performance. Therefore we concluded that increasing time pressure and role ambiguity would reduce employee performance in all aspects.
Impact of leadership style on employee performance (a case study on a private organization in Malaysia)
(2017-11) Basit, Abdul; Sebastian, Veronica; Hassan, Zubair
The purpose of this study is to identify the impact of leadership style on employee performance. A sample size of 100 was used from one private organization in Selangor, Malaysia using convenience sampling technique. The study used quantitative approaches, and a questionnaire was designed. A five-point Likert scale questionnaire was used to determine the impact of leadership style on employee performance. SPSS software was used in analysing the questionnaires. Demographic analysis, normality test, reliability test (Cronbach’s Alpha), descriptive analysis and regression analysis were presented. Descriptive statistics show that the most significant value associated with employee performance is democratic leadership style followed by laissez-faire leadership style and autocratic leadership style. Democratic leadership style has the highest mean value corresponding to 3.784 and standard deviation value of 0.8124, laissez-faire leadership style scores the second highest mean value corresponding to 3.416 and standard deviation value of 0.5858, and autocratic leadership style has the lowest mean value corresponding to 3.404 and standard deviation value of 0.7330 indicating that autocratic leadership style is poorly correlated with employee performance. Regression coefficient analysis shows that there is a significant and positive impact of democratic and laissez-faire leadership styles on employee performance. Autocratic leadership style beta coefficient value is-0.168 with a significant value of 0.025 which is higher than 0.01, hence autocratic leadership is found to have a negative significant impact on employee performance.
Impact of service quality on customer satisfaction in Maldives Tourism Industry
(2015-09-15) Ibrahim, Hassan Ziyad; Hassan, Zubair; Basit, Abdul
This research attempts to find the impact of service quality on customer satisfaction and retention in Maldives tourism industry. To measure the variables used in the research, a 5-point Likert type questionnaire for performance-only-measure was developed, as in SERVPERF model. A total of 30 questions, including the 22 questions in original SERVQUAL scale, along with additional questions to measure the dependant variables, Customer Satisfaction was included. The independent variables used were, Responsiveness, Assurance, Tangibles, Empathy and Reliability. A descriptive and explanatory research design was selected for this study. A total of 120 samples from different types of tourist establishments, such as Resorts, Guest Houses and Safari Boats were taken using random probability sampling. The data collected was analysed using SPSS 21.0 software, performing descriptive, regression and correlation analysis. The results of this study confirmed three aspects of service quality, Responsiveness, Tangibles and reliability to have positive and significant impact on customer satisfaction. According to the analysis done, Assurance and Empathy does not show an impact on customer satisfaction and retention. As this study was done across all types of tourist establishments in Maldives, a general view is portrayed, and to determine the exact impact of a dimension on a particular tourist establishment, future study is anticipated.
Impact of social, epistemic and conditional values on customer satisfaction and loyalty in automobile industry : a structural equation modelling
(2017) Hassan, Zubair; Basit, Abdul
The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of social media usage (information search, marketing & branding and customer relations) on organizational image mediated by customer trust. A sample size of 243 respondents were selected using convenient sampling technique among those who are actively purchasing online platforms in Malaysia. The questionnaire with a 5 point Likert-Scale was used to collect the data. The data was analysed using structural equation modelling via AMOSE software. The result shows that social media usage has no significant impact on organizational image. Also social media usage has no significant impact on customer trust except information search of social media usage. However this study found that level of trust has a positive and significant impact on organizational image suggesting that when level of trust increases, the perceived organizational image also enhanced among the customers. Therefore managers and decision makers must ensure customer‟s level of trust is build and developed and maintained to improve organizational image. This research could improve further with the use of qualitative research approach by conducting interview or an observation, or can conduct an experimental research design where groups of respondents may be put under observation with different context. This could be more accurate than just expressing or rating a scale questionnaire. This will also enable researchers to avoid any baseness in completing a survey questionnaire. Also this research will enhance its result if focus on one particular industry where by identifying social media users regularly to respond the items included in the questionnaire. Also revising the social media usage items could further improve by using technology acceptance model variables.
Influence of team-related factors on employee performance : a case study on Malaysian context
(2017) Peters, Jeffta; Basit, Abdul; Hassan, Zubair
The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of Team related factors on employee performance of Private organizations in Malaysia. This research was done by analyzing the impact of 5 independent variables; Leadership-Personality-Communication-Trust-Recognition & Reward, on the dependent variable–Employee performance. The methodology for this research adopted was explanatory research design. Quantitative analysis was carried out, where primary data was collected using a Likert-scale questionnaire from 200 respondents. Non-probability convenience sampling is used to choose respondents and Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software was used for data analysis such as reliability, normality, descriptive statistics and regression in this research. This research found that Leadership, personality and communication has an insignificant positive relationship on employee performance, therefore, it is concluded that these variables do not affect team performance in private organizations Malaysia. The research also found that Trust, reward and recognition has a significant positive effect on employee performance. This study recommended that managers and employers should focus more on the two variables and also enhance their working relationship with employees to stimulate the positivity of the other three variables within the Team.
Leadership style and its impact on employee performance
(2018) Chua, J.; Basit, Abdul; Hassan, Zubair
The aim of this study was to determine the impact of leadership style on employee’s performance. A causal research design was used to carry out this research. Middle management employees ‘from services sector at different of location in Klang Valley was used. To do this, respondents from a hearing aid company was chosen. Each respondent should have worked more than 5 years in the field. A Likert scale from 1-5 was used to collect data, where the questionnaire was tested for its face, content and construct validity along with reliability of the construct. A sample size of two hundred and fifty (250) respondents was used using non-probability convenient sampling method. Regression analysis was conducted to analyses the data using SPSS 21. The result shows that autocratic and democratic leadership style has positive and significant impact on employee performance. However we found that laissez-fair leadership style have no significant influence on employee performance. This suggests that leaders with extremely distinguished styles have more influences on employee performance as it is more evident throughout their interaction with the immediate supervisor. Therefore, leaders could adopt innovative strategies using suitable leadership style in order to achieve work performance at the very best level as well as to gain the long-term success. Therefore we concluded that the autocratic leadership is useful in the short term and democratic leadership style is useful in all time horizons to improve employee performance.
Role of sales representative’s cultural intelligence in enhancing customer satisfaction among the tenants and property buyers in Malaysia
(IJBMM, 2020-07-24) Hassan, Zubair; Basit, Abdul; Sethumadavan, Sharmila
The purpose of this research is to examine the impact of real estate sales representative’s cultural intelligence on customer satisfaction in Malaysia. A sample size of 535 respondents as customers who have experienced interacting real estate sales representatives was used to collect the relevant data through the convenience sampling method and analyzed using SPSS 21 and AMOS 22 software. The results show that meta-cognitive and cognitive cultural intelligence has no significant impact on customer satisfaction, meanwhile motivational and behavioral cultural intelligence has a significant and positive impact on customer satisfaction. Therefore it was concluded that enhancing the cultural intelligence of sales representatives will increase customer satisfaction among the property buyers and tenants. This study will be useful for the real estate industry and human resource managers to emphasize on selecting employees as sales representatives with high cultural intelligence and connection with the property buyers. Industry players will be able to use this study to design and plan on which aspects of cultural intelligence should be incorporated into their training strategies and policies. Relevant authorities will be able to use this study to formulate relevant human resource development strategies and policies in the real estate and property development sector. Also, education institution will be able to incorporate cultural intelligence-related aspects in their curriculum and teaching to develop and enhance cultural intelligence among the candidates who wish to join real estate and property sector.

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